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September 3, 2026Developmental PsychologyOpen Access

Associations between resting brain activity and socioemotional skills across the first 2 years of life.

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Authors

JSJi Young SongASAislinn SandreKNKimberly G. Noble

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Overview

Prospective cohort study finds resting brain activity at 1 month predicts behavioral problems at 24 months in diverse infants, highlighting early neural markers of socioemotional risk.

Key Points

  • To examine whether resting electroencephalography metrics at 1 month of age prospectively predict socioemotional behavioral difficulties at 12 and 24 months of age.
  • Prospective longitudinal study evaluated 185 sociodemographically diverse mother-infant dyads (53.51% female; 38.92% White, 44.32% Hispanic).
  • Resting electroencephalography (theta, alpha, beta, gamma bands, and theta-beta ratio) was recorded at 1 month of age.
  • Socioemotional behavioral problems were assessed as primary outcomes at 12 and 24 months of age.
  • Whole-brain resting electroencephalography at 1 month of age did not significantly predict socioemotional behavioral problems at 12 months.
  • Higher whole-brain relative theta and lower whole-brain relative alpha at 1 month significantly predicted increased socioemotional behavioral problems at 24 months.

Cite This Study

Song et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a9934b4636c6408cfa7c7a8https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0002253
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