Sensory-centered interpretation of electronic-nose-based aroma patterns in grape tomato cultivars: A comparison of parallel PCA, supplementary projection, and multiple factor analysis

Q: What does this research mean for the field?

Electronic nose data should be utilized as a complementary instrumental tool to interpret sensory differences in grape tomato cultivars rather than a replacement for human sensory evaluation, as volatile chemical signals do not perfectly align with perceived aroma and flavor. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.METHODOLOGICAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

Min-Kyoung Ko; Yeon-Joo Lee; Eui‐Cheol Shin; Hye-Seong Lee

doi:10.9721/kjfst.2026.58.4.476

August 31, 2026Korean Journal of Food Science and TechnologyOpen Access

Sensory-centered interpretation of electronic-nose-based aroma patterns in grape tomato cultivars: A comparison of parallel PCA, supplementary projection, and multiple factor analysis

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Key Points

To evaluate how gas chromatography-based electronic nose aroma patterns align with human sensory descriptive analysis across eight grape tomato cultivars using multivariate statistical methods.
Assessed eight grape tomato cultivars using generic descriptive analysis (gDA) for aroma and flavor alongside a gas chromatography-based electronic nose using static headspace equilibration at 40°C for 20 minutes.
Analyzed structural similarities and integrative relationships between sensory and instrumental data using parallel principal component analysis (PCA), agglomerative hierarchical clustering (AHC), supplementary projection, and multiple factor analysis (MFA).
Parallel PCA and clustering revealed structural divergence between human sensory profiles and electronic nose chemical groupings, confirmed by a low MFA RV coefficient of 0.299.
Supplementary variable projection positioned specific electronic-nose compound groups alongside corresponding sensory attributes to provide complementary interpretations of cultivar differences.
Multiple factor analysis showed balanced contributions from both datasets on dimensions F1 and F2, whereas dimension F3 was driven primarily by electronic nose data.

Implication

Multivariate analysis demonstrates low structural concordance between electronic nose and sensory profiles in grape tomatoes, suggesting electronic noses complement rather than replace human panels.

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Cite This Study

Ko et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a993511636c6408cfa7cf9b https://doi.org/10.9721/kjfst.2026.58.4.476

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Sensory-centered interpretation of electronic-nose-based aroma patterns in grape tomato cultivars: A comparison of parallel PCA, supplementary projection, and multiple factor analysis

Key Points

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

Sensory-centered interpretation of electronic-nose-based aroma patterns in grape tomato cultivars: A comparison of parallel PCA, supplementary projection, and multiple factor analysis

Key Points

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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