Nanosized Graphene‐Based Hybrid Architectures for Combating Microplastic Pollution From Water: Materials Design, Mechanisms, and Applications

The persistent contamination of global water resources by microplastics necessitates the development of advanced and sustainable remediation strategies. Graphene hybrid architectures (GHAs) have emerged as a sustainable strategy to address this environmental crisis. The extraordinary features of graphene‐based materials enable it to interact with a broad range of contaminants via multiple mechanisms, making them highly effective in water remediation. This review systematically elucidates advanced strategic functionalization and application of diverse GHAs, including graphene oxide (GO), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), graphene quantum dots (GQD), and three‐dimensional graphene‐based frameworks (3DGF), and so forth. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of graphene‐based materials in mitigating plastic pollution (white pollution), where their ability to absorb and aggregate microplastics aids in their effective removal from water. Additionally, the capacity of graphene surfaces in adsoption and ion‐exchange mechanisms offers high‐capacity rejection ability towards microplastics. The incorporation of graphene amid semiconductor photocatalyst/metal nanoparticles is also tinted as a potent strategy to advance charge migration and photocatalytic competency for the collapse of relentless white pollution. This ample review attempts to propose an inclusive foundation to figure out the role of graphene between GHAs composition and their act along with approaches to mitigate the white pollution.