Clinicodemographic and anatomical predictors of squamous cell carcinoma

Objectives: To evaluate the clinicodemographic characteristics and anatomical distribution of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and identify independent predictors of SCC. Material and Methods: A retrospective analysis of 374 patients (BCC = 209, SCC = 165) was performed. Variables included age, sex, and tumor localization. High-risk locations were the lip, scalp, and temporal regions. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. Age was analyzed continuously and categorically (<60, 60–80, >80 years). Model performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Results: The mean age was 68.2 ± 12.8 years in the BCC group and 70.5 ± 12.7 years in the SCC group ( p = 0.082). SCC was more frequent in males (72.1% vs. 56.0%, p = 0.003). In multivariate analysis, male sex (odds ratio [OR]: 1.87, p = 0.012) and high-risk localization (OR: 3.30, p < 0.001) were independent predictors of SCC. Age ≥80 years was also associated with SCC (OR: 2.54, p = 0.008), whereas age 60–80 years was not ( p = 0.352). The optimal probability cutoff for SCC was 0.608 (sensitivity: 41.3%, specificity: 89.7%; area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.660). Conclusion: Male sex and high-risk anatomical localization are strong predictors of SCC. Age exhibits a nonlinear association, with increased SCC risk only in patients >80 years.