Delineating the Baribis Fault and sedimentary basin architecture in northwestern Java using GGMPlus satellite data

This study aims to identify subsurface fault structures and sedimentary basin configurations in Northwestern Java using gradient-derivative analysis and gravity inversion of Global Gravity Model Plus (GGMPlus) satellite data, supplemented by terrain correction from SRTM2Gravity. Disturbance data are corrected by modern terrain correction to obtain complete Bouguer anomalies, which are subsequently separated into regional and residual components. Total horizontal derivative (THDR), vertical derivative (VDR), and tilt derivative (TDR) analyses are used to define edge boundaries that represent the presence of fault structures. Furthermore, 3D inversion modeling is performed using a regularized least-squares approach to obtain the distribution of the rock density contrast. The results of the complete Bouguer anomaly calculation range from −22 to 111 mGal. Low anomalies are observed in the north-eastern part of the study area, covering Karawang, Bekasi, and Jakarta, which correlate with the presence of sedimentary basins. In contrast, higher gravity anomalies dominate the southern part, particularly within the Bogor Zone, which is characterized by mountainous and plateau morphology. Edge-detection analysis combined with 3D inversion of residual gravity anomalies delineates a structural fault interpreted as the Baribis Fault beneath Karawang and Jakarta. The Baribis Fault exhibits a northwest–southeast orientation in Karawang and a southwest–northeast orientation in Jakarta, extending across densely populated areas and providing geophysical evidence for its lateral continuity, thereby highlighting its importance for regional seismic hazard assessment.