The Mark II Minitrack receives satellite signals at a frequency of 108 Mc/s. Observations give the times corresponding to zero and 180° difference in phase of the satellite signal as it is received at two separate antennas. The predicted positions of the satellite for these times are compared with the deduced positions of the satellite for the same times. From these comparisons, corrections to the observer's latitude and longitude (but not height above the reference ellipsoid) are obtained.
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W. D. Kahn (1960) studied this question.