Use of the Entomopathogenic NematodeSteinernema carpocapsaein Combination with Low-Toxicity Insecticides to Control Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), has resistance to many groups of synthetic insecticides. Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) (Nematoda: Steinernematidae) in combination with low-toxicity insecticides at low and high dosages to control fifth-instar larvae in bioassays. The use of S. carpocapsae chlorantraniliprole or spinetoram caused larvae mortality of over 90% at 72 h at the high dose and should be included as a least toxic strategy to control fall armyworm.