Key result
Fluid repletion and insulin administration are the mainstays of diabetic ketoacidosis treatment to restore normal hemodynamic status and decrease metabolic acidosis.
This review provides an overview of the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of diabetic ketoacidosis, emphasizing fluid repletion, insulin administration, and careful monitoring.
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Supports current DKA management; leaves open protocol refinements for prospective trials.
Diabetes, a chronic medical condition, continues to increase in prevalence. One of the most severe complications of diabetes, diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), results from insulin deficiency and is a medical emergency that is frequently encountered in the emergency department. Prompt diagnosis, assessment of key laboratory values, appropriate treatment, and close monitoring are important to the successful treatment of this complex metabolic disorder. Fluid repletion and insulin administration are mainstays of DKA treatment and serve to restore normal hemodynamic status while decreasing the metabolic acidosis. Careful monitoring of glucose concentrations, vital signs, and electrolytes is essential to prevent complications arising from the treatment of DKA. This article provides an overview of the pathophysiology, presentation, diagnosis, treatment, monitoring, and complications of DKA.
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Donahey et al. (2012) conducted a review in Diabetic Ketoacidosis. Fluid repletion and insulin administration are the mainstays of diabetic ketoacidosis treatment to restore normal hemodynamic status and decrease metabolic acidosis.
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