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Three commercial European inactivated oil-emulsion (OE) vaccines and a U.S.-licensed inactivated AI(OH)3 vaccine were evaluated by primary vaccination of susceptible broilers and by secondary vaccination of layers previously immunized with live virus. A commercial live-virus vaccine was also used as a primary and secondary vaccine control. Evaluation was based on the hemagglutinationinhibition (HI) response and protection against challenge with neurotropic or viscerotropic velogenic (VV) Newcastle disease virus (NDV). OE vaccines induced higher and generally more sustained HI antibody titers than AI(OH)3 or live vaccines. With one exception, all challenged OE vaccinates were protected against clinical disease, a drop in egg production, and a decrease in egg quality. Vaccination did not prevent infection with the challenge viruses; however, the infection rates were lowest in LaSota vaccinates and highest in Al(OH)3 vaccinates.
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Stone et al. (1980) studied this question.
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