Distribution of Jointed Goatgrass (Aegilops cylindrica Host.) in Kansas

wheat fields and only in the part of the state where Turkey wheat was originally grown; so the presence of jointed goatgrass in Kansas apparently was associated with the introduction of Turkey wheat. Several introductions of Turkey-type wheat from the southern part of European Russia were made between 1873 and 1912. The Russian Mennonites brought Turkey wheat with them from Southern Russia when they immigrated to the United States and settled in central Kansas in 1873. It seems unlikely that jointed goatgrass was brought with that grain, however, since most of it was hand-picked kernel by kernel. Further- more 46 years elapsed between the time of the immigration and the time the grass was first reported. It seems more logical that it probably was brought to Kansas in introductions of Turkey (or Kharkof) wheat made by the U. S. Department of Agriculture or by private firms and individuals during the early 1900's. After the first report of jointed goatgrass in Kiowa County, Kansas in 1917, there was no report until 1920, when it again was reported in the same county. Apparently the grass increased and spread rapidly. By 1924 it had been reported in 12 counties all but two of which were in the central part of the state. Many reports and requests for identifica- tion of the pest were received from farmers, millers, elevator operators,