A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled, Multicenter Evaluation of Extraction Socket Preservation Comparing Two Bovine Xenografts: Clinical and Histologic Outcomes

Antonio Barone, DDS, PhD, MSc/Marzio Todisco, DDS/Maurizio Ludovichetti, MD, DDS/Federico Gualini, MD, DDS, MSc/Hans Aggstaller, PhD/Daniel Torrés-Lagares, DDS, PhD/Michael D. Rohrer, DDS, MS/Hari S. Prasad, BS, MS, MDT/James N. Kenealy, PharmD: The aim of this prospective, randomized, controlled, multicenter study was to evaluate and compare the histologic and histomorphometric aspects of extraction sockets grafted with two commercially available bovine bone xenografts: Endobon (test group) and Bio-Oss (control group). The study was designed to ensure that baseline variables between groups were as similar as possible to allow for a direct comparison of graft healing characteristics. Thirty-eight patients contributed 62 augmented extraction sites to the study. All sites were grafted with one type of bovine bone mineral and covered with a resorbable collagen membrane for 6 months of healing prior to implant placement surgery. The histologic outcomes between the two treatment groups are similar, with de novo bone (mean ± SD) for the test group at 28.5% ± 20% and for the control group, 31.4% ± 18%. Histologic specimens also include membrane remnants. All but two implants integrated successfully after 1 year of follow-up. This investigation provides support for the efficacy of bovine bone xenograft for socket preservation when subsequent implant placement is planned. (Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2013;33:795–802. doi: 10.11607/prd.1690)