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L. R. Taylor, R. A. French, E. D. M. Macaulay, Low-Altitude Migration and Diurnal Flight Periodicity; the Importance of Plusia gamma L. (Lepidoptera: Plusiidae), Journal of Animal Ecology, Vol. 42, No. 3 (Oct., 1973), pp. 751-760
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Taylor et al. (1973) studied this question.
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