Management of Recurrent Preterm Labor in Twin Gestations with Nifedipine Tocolysis

We examined outcomes of twin pregnancies complicated by recurrent preterm labor receiving nifedipine tocolysis. In a retrospective study design, twin pregnancies receiving outpatient preterm labor surveillance services and oral nifedipine tocolysis following a diagnosis of preterm labor were identified from a database ( N = 1421). Eligible for inclusion were patients subsequently rehospitalized with recurrent preterm labor symptoms ( N = 862). Included were patients at < 35 weeks' gestation, having intact membranes, and remaining undelivered for > 48 hours after recurrent preterm labor ( N = 656). Pregnancy outcomes of women resuming nifedipine tocolysis ( N = 418) following hospitalization were compared with those having an alteration in treatment ( N = 238) to continuous subcutaneous terbutaline. Alteration of tocolytic treatment versus resuming nifedipine resulted in increased pregnancy prolongation (34.7 +/- 18.8 days versus 27.5 +/- 19.9 days, P < 0.001), with delivery of fewer low birth weight (67.2% versus 78.3%, P < 0.001) and very low birth weight infants (6.5% versus 15.0%, P < 0.001) and a decreased incidence of neonatal intensive care unit admission (44.7% versus 52.9%, P = 0.005). In twin pregnancies receiving nifedipine tocolysis, alteration of tocolytic treatment to subcutaneous terbutaline following hospitalization for recurrent preterm labor symptoms had a positive impact on pregnancy prolongation and neonatal outcomes.