On Coniferophagous Species of Choristoneura (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in North America: Iii. Some Characters of Immature Forms Helpful in the Identification of Species

Pigmentation of heads and prothoracic shields of last-instar larvae, colour of pupae, and frequencies of haemolymph colour morphs in fresh pupae are used to support the taxonomic differentiation of the following members of the genus Choristoneura: fumiferana, biennis, orae, occidentalis, viridis, subretiniana, pinus pinus, p. maritima, and lambertiana. These characters are statistical in nature and not competent to relate a single individual unequivocally to a taxonomic group; nevertheless, a key is developed to assist identification of populations on the basis of the characters described. Interspecific relationships within the genus are considered.