A telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of the cultivated peanut

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Cultivated peanut (peanut in short) (Arachis hypogaea, 2n = 4x = 40, genome type AABB) is a legume crop serving globally as a crucial source of edible oil and protein. Available peanut reference genome sequences obtained for the cultivars “Tifrunner,” “Shitouqi,” and “Fuhuasheng” were assembled or patched using third-generation sequencing technologies and significantly contributed to advancements in peanut genetics and breeding (Bertioli et al., 2019; Chen et al., 2019; Zhuang et al., 2019). However, unresolved gaps persist in these assemblies, particularly in regions of biological importance such as centromeres and telomeres (Supplemental Figure 1), hindering comprehensive exploration of their functional and evolutionary significance.