An SAPK10-RISBZ1-ABT axis promotes endosperm-to-embryo ABA transport to enhance pre-harvest sprouting tolerance in rice

module confers the lowest germination rate and optimal PHS resistance performance, suggesting that the RISBZ1-ABT module should be considered in improving PHS resistance. Using either a transgenic approach or marker-assisted selection, we demonstrated that RISBZ1 could effectively enhance PHS tolerance in cultivars and derived hybrids. This work shed new light on PHS regulation by the communication of ABA within a seed, and provided excellent genetic resources for PHS genetic improvement.