Key result
Adenovirus was detected in 9.8% of children with acute diarrhea, with a significantly higher positive rate in hospital-acquired diarrhea (13.8%) compared to inpatient (9.3%) and outpatient (8.1%) community-acquired diarrhea (p=0.003).
Observational (n=2,233)
No
Absolute Event Rate: 13.8% vs 9.3%
p-value: p=0.003
Adenovirus, including non-enteric serotypes like Ad31, is a significant pathogen in both community-acquired and hospital-acquired acute diarrhea in children.
May warrant adenovirus consideration in hospital-acquired pediatric diarrhea; leaves open causal role and prevention needs pending prospective studies.
Adenoviruses have been recognized as important causal pathogens of community-acquired diarrhea (CAD) among children, but their role in hospital-acquired diarrhea (HAD) is not well-understood. Hospitalized children with acute diarrhea and children who visited the outpatient department due to diarrhea were investigated from 2011 to 2012. Adenovirus was detected in stool specimens by PCR and further characterized by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. SPSS software (version 19.0) was used for statistical analyses. A total of 2233 diarrheal children were enrolled in this study; this sample was comprised of 1371 hospitalized children, including 885 with CAD (IP-CAD) and 486 with HAD, and 862 outpatients with CAD (OP-CAD). Among these 2,233 patients, adenovirus was detected in 219 cases (9.8%). The positive rates for adenovirus were significantly different between the IP-CAD (9.3%), HAD (13.8%) and OP-CAD (8.1%) cases (X² = 11.76, p = 0.003). The positive rate of adenovirus was lower in infants under six months of age compared to the positive rates in the other age groups. Of the 219 of adenovirus positive patients, 91 (41.6%) were identified as having serotype 41. Although enteric adenovirus (group F) was the most frequently detected adenovirus among children with either CAD or HAD, the role of non-enteric adenoviruses, especially the adenovirus 31 type (19.7%), cannot be ignored in diarrheal children.
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Liu et al. (2014) conducted an observational in Acute diarrhea (n=2,233). Hospital-acquired diarrhea vs. Community-acquired diarrhea was evaluated on Adenovirus detection rate (p=0.003). Adenovirus was detected in 9.8% of children with acute diarrhea, with a significantly higher positive rate in hospital-acquired diarrhea (13.8%) compared to inpatient (9.3%) and outpatient (8.1%) community-acquired diarrhea (p=0.003).
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