Key result
Surgical repair of postinfarction ventricular septal defect was associated with a 50% perioperative mortality rate (7 of 14 patients), primarily due to heart failure and multiple organ failure.
Why the study?
What are the perioperative mortality and complication rates of surgical repair for postinfarction ventricular septal defect?
Observational (n=14)
No
What are the perioperative mortality and complication rates of surgical repair for postinfarction ventricular septal defect?
Surgical repair of postinfarction ventricular septal defect carries a high perioperative mortality of 50%, highlighting the catastrophic nature of this complication.
High mortality in this small series warrants cautious surgical timing and selection; leaves open need for larger studies on postinfarction VSD management.
Postinfarction ventricular septal defect (PIVSD) remains a surgical challenge resulting in devastating mortality rates. We present our 10-year experience in surgical management of this catastrophic complication of acute myocardial infarction. During a decade (1987-1996) 14 patients with PIVSD were treated surgically in our department. There were 10 men and 4 women, ranging in age from 51 to 78 years. The rupture occurred within the first 4 days after the infarction in most cases (n = 10). Eight patients were supported perioperatively by intraaortic balloon counterpulsation (IABP). In all cases the surgical technique included infarctectomy and ventricular septum reconstruction with synthetic patches. Coronary artery bypass grafting was synchronously performed in four patients. Seven patients died perioperatively (mortality rate 50%) due to heart failure and to multiple organ failure. The most frequent complications were low cardiac output syndrome, hemorrhage, and respiratory and renal insufficiency. The PIVSD needs urgent surgical intervention with the patient hemodynamically stable after cardiac catheterization. Long-term results are favorable for survivors.
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Athanassiadi et al. (1999) conducted an observational in Postinfarction ventricular septal defect (PIVSD) (n=14). Surgical repair (infarctectomy and ventricular septum reconstruction) was evaluated on Perioperative mortality. Surgical repair of postinfarction ventricular septal defect was associated with a 50% perioperative mortality rate (7 of 14 patients), primarily due to heart failure and multiple organ failure.
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