Orthodontic treatment-related caregiver burden and coping strategies: a cross-sectional study

Background: Caregivers of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment are at risk of experiencing caregiver burden. This burden can constitute barrier to optimal care. Objectives: This study evaluated level of caregiver burden, coping strategies and other associated factors in group of caregivers of patients receiving orthodontic treatment.Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among consecutive consenting adult caregiver–patient pairs that presented at the orthodontic clinic of a tertiary hospital in south-west Nigeria between January-December 2021. Demographic data and the level of caregiver’s burden were assessed using semi-structured interviewer administered questionnaire and the Zarit burden interview score respectively. Data obtained were entered into SPSS version 20; analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: total of 112 caregivers were included in the study comprising fathers (55.4%), mothers (30.4%), sister (2.7%); other relatives (11.6%) with mean age of 44.8 (SD, 11.7) years (range 14-68 years). The level of caregiving burden was reported as little to no burden (69.6%), mild to moderate (23.2%), moderate to severe (3.6%) and severe (3.6%). Majority reported some caregiver needs such as money (46.4%) and transport (21.4%). Coping strategies include family support (35.7%), self-encouragement (30.4%), reinforcement and incentives (16.1%). The significant and independent predictors of high caregiver burden were prolonged caregiving time (OR=6.55, 95%CI=2.10-20.4, p=0.001) and poor family support (OR=3.32, 95%CI=1.29-8.59, p=0.013). Conclusions: In order to ensure optimal care, reduction of caregiver burden requires need for a care plan that addresses the caregivers’ needs. Orthodontists and dental professionals should adequately educate caregivers on effective coping strategies.