Key result
The fluid-structure interaction model and fluid model predicted almost identical flow features in the fistula, but the FSI model underestimated peak wall shear stress by 12% without prestressing.
Patient-specific fluid-structure interaction modeling accurately replicates in vivo hemodynamics of an arteriovenous fistula, identifying recirculation regions that may predispose to failure.
A patient-specific fluid-structure interaction (FSI) model of a phase-contrast magnetic resonance angiography (PC-MRA) imaged arteriovenous fistula is presented. The numerical model is developed and simulated using a commercial multiphysics simulation package where a semi-implicit FSI coupling scheme combines a finite volume method blood flow model and a finite element method vessel wall model. A pulsatile mass-flow boundary condition is prescribed at the artery inlet of the model, and a three-element Windkessel model at the artery and vein outlets. The FSI model is freely available for analysis and extension. This work shows the effectiveness of combining a number of stabilisation techniques to simultaneously overcome the added-mass effect and optimise the efficiency of the overall model. The PC-MRA data, fluid model, and FSI model results show almost identical flow features in the fistula; this applies in particular to a flow recirculation region in the vein that could potentially lead to fistula failure.
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Guess et al. (2017) studied Arteriovenous access fistula (n=1). Fluid-structure interaction (FSI) modelling vs. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) fluid model was evaluated on Flow features, velocity, and wall shear stress (WSS). The fluid-structure interaction model and fluid model predicted almost identical flow features in the fistula, but the FSI model underestimated peak wall shear stress by 12% without prestressing.
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