Capture of Lead Ions from Aqueous Solution by Mg/Fe-LDH Alginate Beads Prepared from Schanginia aegyptiaca and Scrap Iron

This study aims to develop a novel sorbent using solid waste from scrap iron and Schanginia aegyptica.Magnesium and iron ions can be efficiently extracted from solutions derived from Salsola aegyptiaca and scrap iron, respectively.Sodium alginate beads are used to immobilize magnesium-iron nanoparticles.Using batch adsorption experiments, the prepared sorbent, termed magnesium/iron-layered double hydroxidesodium alginate beads (Mg/Fe-LDH-Na alginate beads), was tested for its ability to remove lead (Pb) ions from simulated wastewater.The optimal conditions for synthesizing the Mg/Fe-LDH beads were determined to be 3, 10, and 5 g, corresponding to the molar ratio, pH, and dosage, respectively.The best operating parameters were 120 minutes, initial pH 6, 0.5 grams of beads per 100 mL, and 250 rpm for an initial concentration (Co) of 10 mg/L to remove more than 90% of Pb 2+ ions.The reuse performance of the sorbent was evaluated under the same batch test conditions and Pb removal efficiency was 95.9% in the first cycle, decreasing to approximately 84.7% by the sixth cycle, indicating a decline in removal efficiency with repeated use.The sorption process is well described by the Langmuir model, which suggests a maximum adsorption capacity of 2.312 mg/g.The results indicate that the produced beads are highly reusable and reliable, making them useful for removing lead ions from water, particularly in practical applications.