In Situ Assessment of LiMn2O4 Degradation During Prolonged Exposure in Carbonate-Based Electrolytes

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The degradations of thin-film LiMn2O4 electrodes during prolonged exposure to 1 M LiPF6/EC-DMC at room temperature and 55°C, were assessed by in situ Raman spectroscopy. Our results demonstrate that different deterioration mechanisms of the spinel were found depending on the temperature. Exposure of a thin-film spinel LiMn2O4 electrode to LiPF6/EC-DMC electrolyte at room temperature and 55°C led to spontaneous formation of a thin insulating surface layer. This process is accompanied by the transformation of the LiMn2O4 electrode surface into λ-MnO2 and Mn2O3 at room temperature and 55°C, respectively.