The spinning bubble tensiometer technique provides a handy tool to measure the ζ potential at the air−water surface. The method is used to estimate the variation of the ζ potential at the surface of aqueous solutions containing binary mixtures of surfactants (anionic, nonionic, and fluorocarbon anionic). The evidence on molecular interactions at the air−water surface is compared with the information deduced from the critical micelle concentration experimental data.
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Graciaa et al. (2000) studied this question.
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