In Vivo Hepatoprotective Effects of a Peptide Fraction from Krill Protein Hydrolysates against Alcohol-Induced Oxidative Damage

Figures

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  Figure 1. Changes in the body weight and survival rate of mice after KPF (1–3 kDa fraction of krill peptide hydrolysate) treatment. (A) Body weight gain in mice fed experimental diets for ten days. (B) Survival rates in experimental mice. Values: mean ± SE of three determinations (n = 6).

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  Figure 2. Changes in lipid peroxidation upon KPF treatment in ethanol-induced mice. Effect of KPF on the liver (A) and serum (B) MDA levels. Values: mean ± SE of three determinations (n = 6). Bars with different letters are significantly different (p < 0.05).

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  Figure 3. Effects of KPF on apoptosis-related protein expressions. Expression levels of cleaved caspase-3, Bcl-2, and Bax proteins in the liver tissue were analyzed by western blot analysis. Values: mean ± SE of three determinations (n = 6). Bars with different letters are significantly different (p < 0.05).

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  Figure 4. Effects of KPF on antioxidant enzyme levels in ethanol-induced mice. Determination of antioxidant enzyme activities (A) superoxide dismutase (SOD), (B) catalase (CAT) and (C) Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in liver homogenates. (D) Effects of KPF on the hepatic levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 protein expression. Values: mean ± SE of three determinations (n = 6). Bars with different letters are significantly different (p < 0.05).

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  Figure 5. Effect of KPF on the hepatic levels of inflammatory cytokines in alcohol-induced mice. (A) RT-PCR analysis for mRNA levels of hepatic inflammatory cytokines. (B) Histopathological changes of mouse liver. Values: mean ± SE of three determinations (n = 6). Bars with different letters are significantly different (p < 0.05).