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This 1988-1992 study follows up on research on Utah hospital CEO turnover between 1973-1987. For both periods, the highest turnover rate was transfer/promotion, followed by force out, retirement, death, and quitting. There was one change: For-profits had significantly higher turnover than nonprofits. For both periods, the lowest rates of turnover and involuntary turnover were in the largest hospitals, all urban, all but one in a multihospital system, and one for-profit.
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Dwore et al. (1996) studied this question.
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