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BACKGROUND: In a recent study we showed that blue light inactivates methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by perturbing, depolarizing, and disrupting its cell membrane. PURPOSE: The current study presents visual evidence that the observed biochemical changes also result in cell metabolic changes and structural alteration of the cell membrane. METHODS: radiant exposure three times at 30-min intervals. Following 24 h incubation at 37 °C, irradiated colonies and control non-irradiated colonies were processed for light and transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: The images obtained revealed three major effects of PBL; (1) disruption of MRSA cell membrane, (2) alteration of membrane structure, and (3) disruption of cell replication. CONCLUSION: These signs of bacterial inactivation at a dose deliberately selected to be sub-lethal supports our previous finding that rapid depolarization of bacterial cell membrane and disruption of cellular function comprise another mechanism underlying photo-inactivation of bacteria. Further, it affirms the potency of PBL.
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Bowman et al. (2021) studied this question.
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