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A novel ruthenium catalyst system of [PPN][Ru 3 H(CO) 11 ]/PCy 3 [PPN = bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium, Cy = cyclohexyl] for the direct hydroamidation and hydroesterification of alkenes with formamides and alkyl formates has been developed. These addition reactions proceeded smoothly under an argon atmosphere, and carbon monoxide is not needed to suppress decarbonylation of formyl compounds or to maintain the catalytic activity.
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Kondo et al. (1999) studied this question.
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