Gold nanoparticles are co-functionalized with multiple types of Raman-dye-labeled oligonucleotides (see picture) to prepare composite Raman labels for DNA targets that are used in a glass-microbead-based multiplexed DNA detection system in conjunction with surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy. The narrow bands of the Raman spectra of the dye-labeled nanoparticles allow for greater degrees of multiplexing when compared to the broad absorption and emission bands of molecular fluorophores.
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Jin et al. (2006) studied this question.
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