Key result
Boerhaavia diffusa extract significantly attenuated angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy in H9c2 cardiac myoblast cells by reducing cell volume, protein content, and natriuretic peptide levels (P≤0.05).
Boerhaavia diffusa extract demonstrates antihypertrophic effects in an in vitro model of cardiac hypertrophy, potentially via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms.
Extract shows in vitro potential; hypothesis-generating for hypertrophy therapy and requires in vivo validation before any clinical consideration.
The present study evaluated the antihypertrophic potential of the ethanolic extract of Boerhaavia diffusa (BDE), a well-known edible cardiotonic plant reported in Ayurveda against angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy in H9c2 cardiac myoblast cells. Markers of hypertrophy such as cell size, protein content and the concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) were analysed for the confirmation of hypertrophy induction. Angiotensin II (100 nM) caused an increase in cell volume (69·26 (SD 1·21)%),protein content (48·48 (SD 1·64)%), ANP (81·90 (SD 1·22)%) and BNP (108·57 (SD 1·47)%). BDE treatment significantly reduced cell volume, protein content and the concentrations of ANP and BNP (P#0·05) in H9c2 cells. The activity of various antioxidant enzymes and the concentration of reduced glutathione, which was lowered due to hypertrophy, were increased in BDE-treated cells. The BDE treatment also reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species generation, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyls in cells. In addition,the expression patterns of NF-kb and transforming growth factor b1 were found to be increased during hypertrophy, and their expressions were reduced on BDE treatment. In vitro chemical assays showed that BDE inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme and xanthine oxidase in a dose-dependent manner with an estimated 50% effective concentration (EC50) value of 166·12 (SD 2·42) and 60·05 (SD 1·54) mg/ml,respectively. The overall results clearly indicate the therapeutic potential of B. diffusa against cardiac hypertrophy, in addition to its nutritional qualities.
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Vineetha et al. (2013) studied Angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy (in vitro). Boerhaavia diffusa extract (BDE) vs. Angiotensin II alone (100 nM) was evaluated on Markers of hypertrophy (cell volume, protein content, ANP, and BNP concentrations) (p=≤0.05). Boerhaavia diffusa extract significantly attenuated angiotensin II-induced hypertrophy in H9c2 cardiac myoblast cells by reducing cell volume, protein content, and natriuretic peptide levels (P≤0.05).
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