Key result
Male smokers exhibited greater sympathetic nervous system activity than non-smokers, which tended to increase further after moderate-intensity exercise alongside reduced parasympathetic activity.
Why the study?
Does moderate-intensity exercise alter sympathetic nervous system activity in male smokers?
Observational (n=28)
Does moderate-intensity exercise alter sympathetic nervous system activity in male smokers?
Moderate-intensity exercise increases sympathetic and decreases parasympathetic nervous system activity in male smokers, which may contribute to cachexia.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Does not support changing exercise guidance for male smokers; hypothesis-generating for cachexia risk.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of moderate-intensity exercise on the sympathetic nervous system in male smokers. METHODS: Twenty-eight men (14 smokers and 14 non-smokers, ages 21-46 y) were recruited. The activity of the autonomic nervous system was measured by power spectral analysis of heart rate variability. Spectral power in the frequency domain was quantified by integrating the area under the curve of the very-low-frequency power (0.007-0.035 Hz), low-frequency power (0.035-0.15 Hz), high-frequency power (0.15-0.5 Hz), and total power (0.007-0.5 Hz) bandwidths. We assessed heart rate, thermoregulatory sympathetic nervous system activity (very-low-frequency power/total power), sympathetic nervous system activity (low-frequency-power/high-frequency power or [very-low-frequency power + low-frequency power]/high-frequency power), and parasympathetic nervous system activity (high-frequency power/total power) of the smokers before and after moderate-intensity exercise. RESULTS: The smokers exhibited a greater degree of sympathetic nervous system activity (as quantified by very-low-frequency power/total power). The sympathetic nervous system activity of smokers (as indicated by [very-low-frequency power + low-frequency power]/high-frequency power) also showed a tendency to increase after exercise. Parasympathetic activity, as indicated by high-frequency power/total power, reduced after exercise in the smokers. These findings are contrary to findings previously reported in obese subjects. CONCLUSIONS: Increased sympathetic nervous system activity, including thermoregulatory activity, might contribute to cachexia in smokers.
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Ide et al. (2013) conducted an observational in Smoking (n=28). Moderate-intensity exercise vs. Pre-exercise baseline and non-smokers was evaluated on Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system activity measured by power spectral analysis of heart rate variability. Male smokers exhibited greater sympathetic nervous system activity than non-smokers, which tended to increase further after moderate-intensity exercise alongside reduced parasympathetic activity.
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