Biosurfactants as Green Biostimulants for Seed Germination and Growth

That Aims To Accelerating The Germination. It Covers The Seed Surfaces With Remarkable Molecules That Protect Them Against Microorganisms And/Or Enhance Their Metabolism, For Example Higher Plant Resistance Against Bacteria, Fungi, Yeasts And Virus. The Seed Stimulation Can Decrease The Initial Dose Of Fertilizers (Krawczyska Et Al., 2012). In This Sense, Natural-Based Stimulation Methods Have Been Drawn Attention From The World Due To The Their Sustainable Approach. Biosurfactants Is One Of The Most Promissing Molecules As Biostimulants. Biosurfactants Are Amphiphilic Compounds Which Structure Is Composed By Hydrophilic And Lipophilic Moieties. They Are Mostly Derived From Plants And Microorganisms. Nevertheless, The Microbial Production Has Advantages When Compared To Plant-Based Surfactants Due To Their Multifunctional Properties, Rapid Production, And Scale-Up Capacity (Xu Et Al., 2011). In Addition, Their High Biodegradability, High Temperature Stability And Insignificant Effect On Environmental Ph Are Exceptional Advantages For Agricultural Applications. Biosurfactants Can Be Classified Into Five Groups, According To Their Chemical Structure: (I) Lipopeptides And Lipoproteins, (II) Glycolipids, (III) Fatty Acids, Neutral Lipids And Phospholipids, (IV) Polymeric Surfactant And (V) Particulate (Andrade Et Al., 2016a). Lipopeptides And Glycolipids Are The Most Scientifically Well-Known Biosurfactants. As Already Mentioned, Lipopeptides Have Been Exhaustively Investigated, In Which Bacillus Subtilis Lipopeptides Such As Surfactin, Iturin And Fengycin Families Have Risen To Prominence. In