Key result
Children with congenital heart disease, particularly those with single ventricular physiology, suprasystemic pulmonary hypertension, left ventricular outflow obstruction, and cardiomyopathy, have the highest morbidity and mortality risks following noncardiac surgeries.
Why the study?
Children with CHD have increased anesthesia risks during noncardiac surgeries, requiring an overview of perioperative risks and anesthetic considerations for highest-risk patients.
Children with complex congenital heart disease, particularly single ventricle physiology, suprasystemic pulmonary hypertension, left ventricular outflow obstruction, and cardiomyopathy, face the highest perioperative risks during noncardiac surgery and require specialized anesthetic management.
May inform perioperative risk assessment in these children; leaves open prospective validation of management strategies.
With advances in the development of surgical and medical treatments for congenital heart disease (CHD), the population of children and adults with CHD is growing. This population requires multiple surgical and diagnostic imaging procedures. Therefore, general anesthesia is inevitable. In many studies, it has been reported that children with CHD have increased anesthesia risks when undergoing noncardiac surgeries compared to children without CHD. The highest risk group included patients with functional single ventricle, suprasystemic pulmonary hypertension, left ventricular outflow obstruction, and cardiomyopathy. In this review, we provide an overview of perioperative risks in children with CHD undergoing noncardiac surgeries and anesthetic considerations in patients classified as having the highest risk.
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Song et al. (2021) conducted a review in Congenital heart disease in children undergoing noncardiac surgery. Noncardiac surgery was evaluated. Children with congenital heart disease, particularly those with single ventricular physiology, suprasystemic pulmonary hypertension, left ventricular outflow obstruction, and cardiomyopathy, have the highest morbidity and mortality risks following noncardiac surgeries.
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