New Minimally Invasive Surgical Technique Using Arterial T‐grafts for Treatment of Double‐vessel Coronary Artery Disease: Experimental Study

Minimally invasive surgery has been used successfully in patients with single-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD), but there are no clinical reports of surgical techniques for the treatment of multivessel disease in this field using both internal mammary arteries (IMAs). Therefore a canine model has been established to demonstrate the feasibility of a minimally invasive surgical treatment of coronary artery double-vessel disease using both IMAs. Ten mongrel dogs underwent bilateral thoracoscopic preparation of both internal mammary arteries through small left lateral chest ports. Using the Port Access endovascular cardiopulmonary bypass system the right IMA (RIMA) was anastomosed as a free graft end-to-side to the left IMA (LIMA) as a T-graft. After induction of cardioplegic arrest the RIMA was anastomosed to the circumflex artery and the LIMA to the left anterior descending artery. All animals were weaned from cardiopulmonary bypass without inotropic support. The electrocardiogram showed sinus rhythm with no signs of ischemia. Intraoperative coronary angiography demonstrated patency of all anastomoses. The minimally invasive surgical treatment of double-vessel CAD using arterial T-grafts of both IMAs is thus feasible. Surgical trauma can be further reduced by harvesting the RIMA transmediastinally through the left lateral chest.