Biologically active or just “pseudo”-vitamin B12 as predominant form in algae-based nutritional supplements?

In order to find out whether algae-based nutritional supplements contain both physiologically active vitamin B12 and its non-active pseudo-form, a simple and fast ultra-high performance liquid chromatography method with UV detection was developed to separate these two forms. A total of 57 commercially available microalgae products based on Chlorella and Spirulina were analyzed. Results obtained showed a broad variety of the content of total vitamin B12 ranging from not-detectable to 445.9 μg 100g−1 dry matter for Chlorella samples, and between 92.8 and 164.1 μg 100g−1 dry matter for Spirulina products. However, there was a big variation in the concentration of pseudo-vitamin B12 within all samples analyzed. Chlorella products contained mainly physiologically active cobalamin, while pseudo-vitamin B12 was the prevailing form in Spirulina-labeled nutritional supplements. The importance of being able to differentiate between cobalamin and its pseudo-form in algae is not only relevant for food analysts, but also regarding consumer protection since they have to be able to rely on the correct labeling of nutritional supplements.