Effects of β2-agonists and exercise on β2-adrenergic receptor signaling in skeletal muscles

This is the authors' abstract. We don't add key points for this paper.

In this review, we discuss the anabolic and metabolic responses of skeletal muscles to β2-agonists and exercise. β2-agonists increase muscle mass, particularly in fast-twitch muscles. Exercise positively regulates glucose homeostasis, mitochondrial biogenesis, and metabolic enzyme levels in skeletal muscles; whereas treatment with β2-agonists attenuates these beneficial effects. This review also describes the role of β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) signaling molecules, such as cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and Akt/protein kinase B, in the response of skeletal muscles to β2-agonist treatment and exercise. For example, β2-agonists and exercise increase the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in slow-twitch muscles. Our interpretation of these findings is that β2-adrenergic receptor signaling plays a functional role in the anabolic and metabolic responses of skeletal muscles to β2-agonists and exercise.