Experimental study reveals parameter-driven shifts in microstructure, hardness, and roughness in electron beam melted titanium alloy, highlighting optimization pathways for additive manufacturing.
The effect of heat input rate, hatch spacing, and focus offset upon microstructure, hardness, and roughness of EBM-manufactured Ti – 6Al-4V titanium alloy was studied via a factorial experiment. It had been found that a coarser microstructure is generated for high heat input and low line offset. Increasing the heat input or conversely decreasing the line offset leads to a higher lath thickness with consequent lower hardness. The roughness of the top surfaces decreases with the increase of the heat input and the focus offset or with the decrease of the line offset. On the other side, the roughness of the side surfaces is dependent only on the heat input and it is proportional to the latter.
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Prisco et al. (2019) studied this question.
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