Why the study?
ACE2 is a key receptor for SARS-CoV2 and maintains cardiovascular homeostasis, but ACE2 expressions and their modulation in healthy and disease states remained to be explored.
Does ACE2 expression differ in patients with COVID-19, cardiovascular disease, and other diseases compared to healthy subjects?
Population
39 studies of patients with SARS-CoV2, CVD, diabetes, kidney disorders, pulmonary disease, or viral infections
Comparison
Patients with COVID-19 or various diseases vs healthy controls
Design
Systematic review and meta-analysis
Key result
Total ACE2 expression was elevated in subjects with various diseases compared to healthy controls (SMD 0.13), with subgroup analyses showing significant increases in membrane-bound ACE2 in cardiovascular and viral diseases.
Authors
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Elevated membrane-bound ACE2 in cardiovascular disease may increase SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility; extends observational evidence and warrants prospective validation before clinical translation.
Meta-Analysis (n=7,726)
Does ACE2 expression differ in patients with COVID-19, cardiovascular disease, and other diseases compared to healthy subjects?
Standardized Mean Difference: 0.13 (95% CI -0.02–0.29)
p-value: p=0.10
Membrane-bound ACE2 expression is significantly elevated in patients with cardiovascular disease and viral infections, which may have implications for SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility and pathophysiology.
Kamthe et al. (2022) conducted a meta-analysis in COVID-19, Cardiovascular diseases, Diabetes, Pulmonary diseases, Kidney disorders, Viral infections (n=7,726). Disease state (COVID-19, CVD, diabetes, etc.) vs. Healthy subjects was evaluated on Total ACE2 expression in all diseases vs. healthy subjects (SMD 0.13, 95% CI -0.02-0.29, p=0.10). Total ACE2 expression was elevated in subjects with various diseases compared to healthy controls (SMD 0.13), with subgroup analyses showing significant increases in membrane-bound ACE2 in cardiovascular and viral diseases.
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