Editorial: Case reports in general cardiovascular medicine: 2022

Amiodarone is a widely used anti-arrhythmia drug despite its side effects on various organs. However, cases of simultaneous toxicity of different organs in one patient have been rarely reported. This report describes an original case that multi-systemic amiodarone organ toxicity occurred in high-risk patients. This study provides important information for the diagnosis and treatment of amiodarone toxicity that could be useful for both physicians and researchers, as well as guideline makers in amiodarone administration.Presenting as Acute Eosinophilic Myocarditis: Case Report and Literature Review (https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.913724).Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a rare disease that is typically associated with infection and drug factors. It commonly affects multiple organs in the body and manifests with various discomforting symptoms. EGPA-associated eosinophilic myocarditis is rare but can lead to death if left untreated. This report describes a case with this rare disease cured by timely treatment with systemic and oral corticosteroids. The description in this report provides critical clinical features and therapy strategies that can be useful for physicians to identify and treatment of this disease.- This study reports a case of acute myocardial infarction that is successfully treated with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This is the first report that combined PVCI with virtual IVUS. The observations in this paper provide important information for physicians about how to evaluate plaque composition and conduct PCI in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases like Behçet's disease.- It is well-known that physical exercise can induce physiological cardiac adaptions and benefit cardiovascular health (3,4). However, in some cases, physiological heart adaptations may lead to increased susceptibility to arrhythmia in athletes. In this paper, the authors report a case of a wrestler athlete who developed disrupting arrhythmia during rapid weight loss and high-intensity training. This report provides useful information for athletes' physicians that precise intensive training prescriptions for individuals should be given by cardiovascular screening.-Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries in a patient doubleseropositive for anti-glomerular basement membrane and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies: A case report (https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.893742).Anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAV) and antiglomerular basement membrane (GBM) disease are rare diseases with high mortality.This report describes a myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) patient with double seropositive for anti-ANCA and anti-GBM antibodies.Limited cases have been reported of anti-GBM disease patients with cardiovascular complications. These observations provide important information for physicians that endothelial injury or systemic inflammation patients with double-positive disease might be at higher risk to develop MINOCA. Further in-depth investigations to understand the clear causality and mechanism are required in the future.- In this report, the authors describe a case of myopericarditis which is caused by human monkeypox, which is an endemic disease, infection followed by the onset of atypical skin lesions. This paper presents the clinical presentation, and diagnostic experience of this patient and provides antiviral treatment recommendations for physicians.- This paper reports a case of sudden cardiorespiratory collapse in a healthy young male after receiving the Oxford-AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) COVID-19 vaccination.This report addresses the importance of careful medical attention by healthcare providers to avoid possible severe adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination which could be certainly useful for healthcare policymakers, and physicians.-Multisystem immune-related adverse events due to toripalimab: Two cases-based review (https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.1036603).Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) significantly prolong survival in patients with advanced cancer. However, immune-mediated adverse events (irAEs) caused by ICIs pose a major threat to patients' lives. In this paper, the authors report 2 patients with advanced tumors suffering from severe multisystem irAEs following treated with toripalimab (anti-PD-1). This report also reviews the Case reports regarding multisystem irAEs based on myocarditis induced by PD-1 inhibitors. Early detection and diagnosis of multisystem inflammation are critical for the management of patients treated with ICIs. This study can provide important experience and critical information for physicians to manage patients undergoing ICIs treatment.-A case report and review of literature: Tuberculous pericarditis with pericardial effusion as the only clinical manifestation (https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.1020672).Tuberculosis (TB) remains a serious public health problem worldwide. In this paper, the authors report a case of a patient with Tuberculous pericarditis (TBP) who is admitted to the hospital with massive pericardial effusion. This patient is examined as negative with all routine laboratory tests for the pericardial effusion of unknown origin. This report provides experience and information for physicians to diagnose and treat percardial effuion patients, in particular to those demonstrated as non-TB causes negative.(https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2023.1091420).Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation is an excellent option for treating end-stage heart failure patients (6). This report describes a novel and feasible surgical technique for performing transcatheter aortic valve replacement in valve-in-ring along with LVAD implantation for the treatment of a male patient suffering from refractory heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy and pure aortic insufficiency in need of a new aortic bioprosthesis. This study reports a novel surgical technique that can share treatment experience for cardiologists in aortic valve repair.-Case report: Severe dry cough associated with superior vena cava syndrome-Caused recurrent chylothorax (https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.970783).This case reports a patient with uremia who suffered from severe dry cough. This patient is finally diagnosed with superior vena cava and treated by percutaneous balloon dilatation. Chronic coughs, which may be caused by many diseases, are very common syndrome in the respiratory department outpatient clinic. This paper reports a severe dry cough case caused by superior vena cave occlusion-induced recurrent chylothorax can provide information for physicians to diagnose recurring severe cough patients.- Total anomalous systemic venous drainage (TASVD) is a rare congenital heart disease (7). In this case report, the authors report a 40-year-old male patient with TASVD. As a rare heart disease, limited information can be obtained from a literature review about the description of TASVD except Case reports. Diagnosing TASVD would be a difficult task in the medical field, primarily because of the variations observed in individuals and the absence of specific laboratory tests. In general, echocardiography is the first-line examination for TASVD diagnosis. This report provides information for physicians that multimodal imaging (Transthoracic, transesophageal, 3D echocardiography, contrast echocardiography, and computed tomography angiography) can be performed to verify the diagnosis of TASVD.-Massive pleural effusion following high-power and short-duration radiofrequency ablation for treatment of atrial fibrillation: A case report and review of the literature (https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.996481).Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) is a non-pharmacological treatment for drugrefractory atrial fibrillations. Postpericardial injury syndrome (PPIS) is defined as pericarditis or pericardial effusion during myocardial infarction or cardiac intervention.It is widely recognized as a common complication of cardiac surgery, with an incidence ranging from 3% to 30%. Different from previously reported PPIS which is most characterized by pericardial effusion, this report describes a case of PPIS that presents pleural effusion as a main feature after the operation. This case report also systematically reviews the clinical characteristics of PPIS. The study in this paper provides useful reference information for physicians to timely diagnose a patient with massive pleural effusion alone following RFCA.-Case report: Delayed cardiac rupture with congenital absence of pericardium after blunt trauma (https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.1079670).As a rare disease with no specific symptoms and signs, the clinical diagnosis of congenital absence of pericardium (CAP) is very difficult. In this paper, the authors report a case of a patient with CAP and present some atypical features which are different from previously reported literature. The clinical presentation and diagnostic process of this patient should be useful to physicians in the diagnosis and treatment of CAP.-Case report: Reducing the duration of positive-pressure ventilation for large mediastinal masses (https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.947847).This report describes two high-risk patients with large mediastinal tumors (MMs)during general anesthesia undergoing tumorectomy by thoracotomy. The perioperative management of patients with large MMs is challenging. This study suggests that patients with large MM should receive positive-pressure ventilation following muscle relaxants given, but that cardiothoracic surgeons should immediately transect the sternum to relieve compression. This study provides important information and experiences for physicians to manage patients with large MMs.- Cardiac lipomas is rare primary cardiac tumors, many of them do not exhibit obvious features and are difficult to identify. These two reports describe patients presenting a lipomas in the right atrium. In these papers, the authors share their experimence in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac lipomas can provide useful information for physicians.- -Case report: Aortoesophageal fistula-an extremely rare but life-threatening cardiovascular cause of hematemesis (https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2023.1123305).In this paper, the authors report a hematemesis patient with underlying diagnosed esophageal cancer who presents typical aortoesophageal fistula (AEF) clinical features.This report highlights the clinical features and diagnosis process of this extremely rare but life-threatening disease. This paper also provides recommendations for physicians to timely diagnose AEF.In conclusion, the high-quality clinical case contributions presented in this Research Topic have significantly boosted knowledge, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiovascular disease in complex cases.LR, JX and PEL are topic editors of this special issue and contributed to the conception, design, and revising of this editorial. LW, WW drafted the editorial. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version.