Key result
A high-fat diet reduced endothelial function compared to a control diet (P=0.014), but this impairment was prevented when diets were supplemented with 240 mL/day of red wine for 30 days (P=0.001).
Why the study?
Does moderate red wine consumption prevent endothelial dysfunction induced by a high-fat diet in healthy male volunteers?
Does moderate red wine consumption prevent endothelial dysfunction induced by a high-fat diet in healthy male volunteers?
p-value: p=0.014
May protect endothelial function from high-fat diet effects with moderate red wine in healthy men; leaves open confirmation in larger randomized trials.
Endothelial dysfunction is associated with atherogenesis and oxidative stress in humans. In rat and rabbit blood vessels, wine polyphenol antioxidants induce vascular relaxation in vitro through the NO-cGMP pathway. To assess the effect of a regular high-fat diet (HFD) and moderate red wine consumption on endothelial function (EF), a study was performed in healthy male volunteers. EF was measured as flow-mediated dilatation of the brachial artery, employing high-resolution ultrasound after an overnight fast. Other clinical and biochemical parameters related to EF were also measured. Six volunteers received a control diet, rich in fruits and vegetables (27% calories as fat) and five volunteers received an HFD (39.5% calories as fat). Measurements were done twice on each volunteer: after a period of 30 d with diet plus 240 mL of red wine/d, and after a period of 30 d with diet, without wine. In the absence of wine, there is a reduction of EF with HFD when compared to the control diet (P = 0.014). This loss of EF is not seen when both diets are supplemented with wine for 30 d (P = 0.001). Plasma levels of n-3 fatty acids (R2 = 0.232, P = 0.023) and lycopene (R2 = 0.223, P = 0.020) show a positive correlation with individual EF measurements, but they do not account for the significant differences observed among dietary groups or after wine supplementation. These results help elucidate the deleterious effect of a high-fat diet and the protective role of wine, n-3 fatty acids and dietary antioxidants in cardiovascular disease.
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Cuevas et al. (2000) studied Healthy (n=11). High-fat diet and red wine vs. Control diet without wine was evaluated on Endothelial function (flow-mediated dilatation of the brachial artery) (p=0.014). A high-fat diet reduced endothelial function compared to a control diet (P=0.014), but this impairment was prevented when diets were supplemented with 240 mL/day of red wine for 30 days (P=0.001).
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