Floristic analysis of vascular plants in the Nanniwan Wetland Park

A systematic analysis of the floristic characteristics of vascular plants in Nanniwan Wetland Park was conducted, aiming to provide reliable scientific support for the implementation of conservation measures and the sustainable development and utilization of plant resources in the region. By integrating field surveys and literature review, the species composition and floristic geographical elements of vascular plants in the study area were systematically quantified and analyzed. Furthermore, comparisons were made between Nanniwan Wetland Park and the floras of four mountains along the Ordos Platform boundary, as well as Ziwuling, based on two dimensions: species density and floristic similarity. (1) The vascular flora of Nanniwan Wetland Park comprises 475 species belonging to 286 genera and 85 families. Dicotyledons form the main component of the flora. Families and genera are predominantly monotypic and oligotypic. Ten dominant families were identified, all of which are cosmopolitan in distribution. (2) At the family level, the flora is predominantly cosmopolitan with tropical affinities; at the genus level, temperate distribution types dominate. (3) The study area harbors two nationally second-class protected wild plant species in China, one vulnerable (VU) species, and five near-threatened (NT) species. (4) Comparative analysis with other floras revealed that the study area exhibits the highest species density (198.67 km⁻²). Its floristic similarity coefficient was highest with Yunqiu Mountain. Nanniwan Wetland Park demonstrates a relatively high level of biodiversity. Its floristic composition is characterized by diverse geographical elements and a relatively rich resource of rare and endangered plant species.