Bacillus smithii XT-3 inoculation reduces ammonia emissions and promotes humification during co-composting of Siraitia grosvenorii residue and pig manure
Experimental study shows Bacillus smithii inoculation reduces ammonia loss and accelerates humification in pig manure co-composting, suggesting enhanced nitrogen conservation.
Key Points
To investigate whether inoculating Bacillus smithii XT-3 into pig manure and Siraitia grosvenorii residue co-compost mitigates nitrogen loss and accelerates humus formation.
Inoculated the Bacillus smithii strain XT-3 into a co-composting mixture of Siraitia grosvenorii residue and pig manure.
Performed metagenomic sequencing and KEGG ortholog functional profiling to evaluate microbial succession and nitrogen metabolism pathways.
Inoculation with strain XT-3 reduced cumulative NH3 emissions by 27.8% and increased humic acid content by 17.02%.
Accelerated compost maturity via a synchronous decrease in fulvic acid alongside humic acid accumulation.
Enriched Bacillota during the thermophilic phase, increased Pseudomonadota and Bacteroidota during the cooling phase, and upregulated genes for ammonia assimilation pathways.