Experimental study demonstrates decoupled spatial wavefront forming and momentum filtering in nonlocal metasurfaces, highlighting new routes for compact multi-functional photonic devices.
Diffractive nonlocal metasurfaces have emerged as new avenues for simultaneous light manipulation in spatial and momentum domains. Previous studies have successfully introduced diffractive wavefront shaping into nonlocal metasurfaces without affecting the band‐edge resonances and band topology. However, integrating arbitrary spatial wavefront control with preserved band dispersion, for momentum‐domain signal processing, has remained elusive. Here, we propose diffractive signal‐processing nonlocal metasurfaces capable of arbitrary spatial‐domain wavefront forming and momentum‐domain high‐pass filtering. Such unique functional integration is endowed by the decoupled coexistence of perturbation‐assisted geometric phase and perturbation‐resilient intrinsic band dispersion in a nonlocal metasurface, upon carefully designed symmetry‐breaking perturbations. As a proof of concept, we experimentally demonstrate metadevices with standard spatial‐domain functionalities (grating, vortex plate, and holography), while simultaneously supporting 4f‐system‐free edge detection with a resolution of 7 µm. Our work synergizes local diffractive wavefront engineering with nonlocal signal processing, which enriches the design space and functionality of spatial‐momentum photonic devices.
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Hu et al. (2026) studied this question.
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