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September 5, 2026Egyptian Journal of BronchologyOpen Access

Accuracy of bronchoscopic alveolar lavage inflammatory biomarkers in early diagnosis of ventilator associated pneumonia in critically Ill patients

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Authors

HHHanaa S. HamedMMMagy Magdy MohamedRKReda M. khodary

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Overview

Cohort study reveals elevated bronchoalveolar lavage levels of interleukin-1beta and suPAR in critically ill patients with suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia, highlighting their diagnostic...

Key Points

  • To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of single and combined bronchoalveolar lavage inflammatory biomarkers for identifying bacterial ventilator-associated pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients.
  • Enrolled 64 mechanically ventilated adult patients with suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia across respiratory, surgical, emergency, and internal medicine ICUs at Zagazig University Hospitals from May to December 2025.
  • Performed lung ultrasound within 6 hours of detecting a new chest X-ray infiltrate, paired with quantitative bronchoalveolar lavage cultures (diagnostic threshold ≥10⁴ CFU/mL).
  • Stratified patients into Definite VAP (n=24), Indeterminate (n=15), and No VAP (n=25) to measure lavage levels of suPAR, sTREM-1, MIF, IL-1β, and IL-8.
  • Bronchoalveolar lavage concentrations of IL-1β and suPAR were significantly higher in patients with Definite VAP compared to other groups (p < 0.001).
  • Median IL-1β was 702 pg/mL in Definite VAP compared with 25 pg/mL in the No VAP group, while median suPAR was 6.9 ng/mL in Definite VAP versus 3.3 ng/mL in Indeterminate and 4.6 ng/mL in No VAP.
  • Levels of sTREM-1, MIF, and IL-8 showed no statistically significant differences among the three clinical groups in univariate analysis.

Cite This Study

Hamed et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a9bd4606b95aff0620ec0f5https://doi.org/10.1186/s43168-026-00634-z
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