What does this research mean for the field?

There is a marked gap between normative CSR ideals and perceived corporate practices in Malaysia, raising questions about the transferability of Western-derived frameworks like Carroll's Pyramid to Southeast Asian contexts. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.CONTRADICTORY. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.CHALLENGES_CONSENSUS.

What question did this study set out to answer?

To investigate whether normative beliefs about corporate social responsibility align with perceived corporate practices and evaluate the suitability of Western CSR frameworks in Southeast Asia.

September 5, 2026Journal of Teaching in International Business

International Business Education and CSR: Teaching Responsible Management in a Southeast Asian Context

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To investigate whether normative beliefs about corporate social responsibility align with perceived corporate practices and evaluate the suitability of Western CSR frameworks in Southeast Asia.
Conducted ranking surveys utilizing Carroll’s four CSR domains: economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary responsibilities.
Sampled 240 undergraduate business students to assess personal ideals versus perceived corporate execution, alongside 404 adults in Malaysia assessing normative priorities.
Business students prioritized legal and ethical responsibilities normatively, but observed that operating businesses predominantly emphasize economic concerns.
Adults in the general public assigned greater normative importance to economic responsibilities than undergraduate business students.
Both cohorts consistently ranked discretionary and philanthropic responsibilities lowest, demonstrating divergence from standard Western CSR hierarchical models.

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Implication

Comparative survey study reveals a gap between CSR ideals and perceived practices in students and adults, highlighting the need to adapt Western management models to local contexts.

Cite This Study

Homer et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a9bd4726b95aff0620ec1ee https://doi.org/10.1080/08975930.2026.2726745

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Implication

Comparative survey study reveals a gap between CSR ideals and perceived practices in students and adults, highlighting the need to adapt Western management models to local contexts.

International Business Education and CSR: Teaching Responsible Management in a Southeast Asian Context

Key Points

Discussion

Implication

Cite This Study

International Business Education and CSR: Teaching Responsible Management in a Southeast Asian Context

Key Points

Discussion

Implication

Cite This Study

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