Development of Depositional Systems Within the Triassic Source‐To‐Sink System and Multi‐Source Framework of the Tarim Basin, NW China

The Triassic in the Tarim Basin is an important target for continental oil and gas exploration. However, the basin‐scale spatiotemporal configuration of sedimentary systems and the distribution of sand bodies remain poorly constrained due to the combined effects of multi‐stage tectonic activity, variable provenance supply, and complex sediment transport pathways, thereby hindering the prediction and exploration of high‐quality reservoirs. Seismic, logging, core, and heavy‐mineral data were integrated to investigate the provenance of Triassic deposits. Through seismic facies tracing, sedimentary facies identification, and provenance analysis, the types and distribution patterns of sedimentary systems under different provenance settings were systematically constrained. The results indicate that four major provenance systems developed during the Triassic in the Tarim Basin. The western provenance was mainly derived from the Awati tectonic belt and the Keping fault uplift, forming proximal alluvial fan and fan‐delta deposits. The southern provenance was controlled by the uplifted northern margin of the Kunlun Mountains and was represented by a distal fluvial delta system. The northern provenance was jointly influenced by the Kuruktag Mountains and the Tabei Uplift, forming a mixed depositional system comprising alluvial fans, fan deltas, and braided river deltas. The eastern provenance was mainly supplied by the Qilian Mountains and the Altyn Tagh tectonic belt, resulting in a distal braided river delta system. These results highlight the strong control of regionally differentiated provenance systems on Triassic sedimentary filling and provide a geological basis for basin‐wide reservoir prediction and exploration.