Key result
Higher early postoperative transvalvular gradients, which are significantly influenced by the individual surgeon's technique, independently increased the risk of impaired physical mobility (OR 1.1 per 1 mmHg increase).
Cohort (n=587)
No
Odds Ratio: 1.1 (95% CI 1–1.1)
p-value: p=0.002
After aortic valve replacement with stentless bioprostheses, the individual surgeon is a significant predictor of high postoperative gradients, which negatively impact patients' physical mobility.
Surgeon technique may influence post-AVR gradients and mobility; hypothesis-generating for prospective studies before practice change.
BACKGROUND: The implantation of stentless valves is technically demanding and the outcome may depend on the performance of surgeons. We studied systematically the role of surgeons and other possible determinants for mid-term survival, postoperative gradients and Quality of Life (QoL) after aortic valve replacement (AVR) with Freestyle stentless bioprostheses. METHODS: Between 1996 and 2003, 587 patients (mean 75 years) underwent AVR with stentless Medtronic Freestyle(R) bioprostheses. Follow-up was 99% complete. Determinants of morbidity, mortality, survival time and QoL were evaluated by multiple, time-related, regression analysis. Risk models were built for all sections of the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP): energy, pain, emotional reaction, sleep, social isolation and physical mobility RESULTS: Actuarial freedom from aortic valve re-operation, structural valve deterioration, non-structural valve dysfunction, prosthetic valve endocarditis and thromboembolic events at 6 years were 95.9 +/- 2.1%, 100%, 98.7 +/- 0.5%, 97.0 +/- 1.5%, 79.6 +/- 4.3%, respectively. The actuarial freedom from bleeding events at 6 years was 93.1 +/- 1.9%. Estimated survival at 6 years was similar to the age-matched German population (61.4 +/- 3.8 %). Predictors of survival time were: diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation, peripheral vascular disease, renal dysfunction, female gender > 80 years and patients < 165 cm with BMI < 24. Predictive models showed characteristic profiles and good discriminative powers (c-indexes > 0.7) for each of the 6 QoL sections. Early transvalvular gradients were identified as independent risk factors for impaired physical mobility (c-index 0.77, p < 0.002). A saturated propensity score identified besides patient related factors (e.g. preoperative gradients, ejection fraction, haematological factors) indexed geometric orifice area, subcoronary implantation technique and individual surgeons as predictors of high gradients. CONCLUSION: In addition to the valve size (in relation to body size), subcoronary technique (versus total root) and various patient-related factors the risk of elevated gradients after stentless valve implantation depends, considerably on the individual surgeon. Although there was no effect on survival time and most aspects of QoL, higher postoperative transvalvular gradients affect physical mobility after AVR.
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Florath et al. (2007) conducted a cohort in Aortic valve replacement (n=587). Higher early postoperative transvalvular gradients vs. Lower transvalvular gradients was evaluated on Impaired physical mobility (OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.0-1.1, p=0.002). Higher early postoperative transvalvular gradients, which are significantly influenced by the individual surgeon's technique, independently increased the risk of impaired physical mobility (OR 1.1 per 1 mmHg increase).
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