Inverse association between CALLY index and angina pectoris in US adults: a population-based study

BACKGROUND: The C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index is a significant marker that reflects both inflammatory and nutritional states and has proven to be a valuable tool for assessing prognosis in various medical conditions. However, the connection between it and angina pectoris has not yet been fully examined. This research sought to thoroughly investigate the possible link between the CALLY index and angina pectoris. METHODS: This research utilized a cross-sectional approach, drawing data from the 2003-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which included 16,291 adults from the U.S. The CALLY index was calculated based on lymphocyte counts, serum albumin concentrations, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. The relationship between the CALLY index and angina pectoris was analyzed using multivariate logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) methods. Subgroup and interaction analyses were also performed. RESULTS: Elevated ln CALLY was inversely correlated with the prevalence of angina (OR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.82, 0.95). Those in the highest quartile of the ln CALLY (Q4) were 38% less likely to experience angina than those in the lowest quartile (Q1) (OR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.84). RCS analysis revealed an L-shaped curve linking the CALLY index to angina, with a cutoff at 14. The consistency of this relationship was substantiated through subgroup analyses across different population groups. CONCLUSIONS: This research highlights a notable inverse relationship between the CALLY index and angina in U.S. adults, suggesting its potential as an innovative tool for evaluating angina.