Mycobacterium ChelonaeDeveloping Multidrug Resistance

Mycobacterium chelonaeis a rapidly growing mycobacterium which is known to respond well to standard antibiotic treatment regimen. There are no specific guidelines for treatment. Antibiotics are chosen based on the bacterial sensitivity. Here we present a 47-year-old man with hip replacement who developed bright red papular generalised skin lesions and bilateral hip abscess. On workup, it was confirmed thatM. chelonaewas the causative organism. He was given 8 weeks of antibiotics; however, there was worsening of the hip abscess on interval imaging. The progression was most likely due toM. chelonaedeveloping antibiotic resistance. Physicians should be aware of the rising resistance of this organism, and guide antibiotic therapy based on bacterial sensitivity to yield better outcomes.