This article reviews sample preparation of soil and sediment samples for the chromatographic determination of acidic herbicides of phenolic and carboxylic acid classes. The common methods of acidic herbicides enrichment and isolation from soils and sediments were discussed, mainly supercritical fluid extraction, pressurized solvent extraction, subcritical water extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, and also traditional extraction with organic solvents and aqueous basic solutions. Derivatization to make herbicides analyzable by means of gas chromatography and/or to improve detectability by GC and LC—and also extraction efficiency were described.
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Macutkiewicz et al. (2003) studied this question.
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