Key result
Artificial heart valves are associated with major long-term complications including thromboembolism, thrombosis, anticoagulant-related bleeding, and structural failure.
Design
Review
Follow-up
long-term
Authors
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Mandates lifelong monitoring and risk counseling; leaves open development of lower-complication prostheses.
This review highlights the major long-term complications associated with heart valve prostheses, including thromboembolism, bleeding, and structural failure.
Grunkemeier et al. (1990) studied this question. Artificial heart valves are associated with major long-term complications including thromboembolism, thrombosis, anticoagulant-related bleeding, and structural failure.
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